Grafting For Plants Part B

 

🥒 Vegetable Grafting Combinations (सब्ज़ियों की कलम)

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Vegetable grafting mainly disease resistance + higher yield के लिए की जाती है.

1️⃣ Solanaceae Family (सबसे common grafting)

Tomato Based Grafting

Rootstock	Scion	Result
Tomato	Tomato hybrid	Disease resistant tomato
Eggplant (Baingan)	Tomato	Strong tomato plant
Potato	Tomato	Pomato plant (Tomato + Potato)
Wild Tomato	Hybrid Tomato	High yield

Example
Pomato Plant
Top → Tomato
Roots → Potato

Result

• Above ground → tomatoes

• Underground → potatoes

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Eggplant Based Grafting

Rootstock	Scion
Eggplant	Tomato
Eggplant	Pepper
Eggplant	Eggplant hybrid

Reason
✔ Strong root system
✔ Heat tolerance

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2️⃣ Cucurbit Family Grafting

Used heavily in commercial farming.

Rootstock	Scion
Pumpkin	Watermelon
Bottle gourd	Watermelon
Pumpkin	Cucumber
Squash	Melon

Advantages

✔ Soil disease resistance
✔ Faster growth
✔ Bigger fruits

Example
Watermelon grafted on pumpkin rootstock → stronger plant.

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3️⃣ Pepper Grafting

Rootstock	Scion
Wild pepper	Hybrid pepper
Chili	Bell pepper

Used for
✔ virus resistance
✔ longer production

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🌳 How to Make 1 Tree Produce 10 Fruits (Multi Fruit Tree)

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इसे कहते हैं Multi-grafted tree या Fruit Salad Tree.

Step-by-Step Method

Step 1 — Choose Compatible Tree

Example families

Citrus Tree

• Lemon

• Orange

• Lime

• Mandarin

• Grapefruit

Stone Fruit Tree

• Peach

• Plum

• Apricot

• Almond

• Cherry

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Step 2 — Grow Strong Rootstock

Example

Rootstock = Plum tree

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Step 3 — Add Different Scions

Branches graft करो

Example

Branch 1 → Peach
Branch 2 → Plum
Branch 3 → Apricot
Branch 4 → Almond
Branch 5 → Cherry

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Step 4 — Use Cleft Grafting

1. Branch cut करो

2. Split बनाओ

3. Scion insert करो

4. Tape wrap करो

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Step 5 — Balance Growth

Pruning जरूरी है ताकि

• एक fruit branch dominate ना करे

• सभी fruits grow करें

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Example Multi Fruit Trees

Citrus Multi Tree

1 tree =

• Lemon

• Orange

• Lime

• Mandarin

• Grapefruit

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Stone Fruit Tree

1 tree =

• Peach

• Plum

• Apricot

• Almond

• Cherry

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🌱 Secret Nursery Techniques (Professional Nurseries)

ये techniques commercial nurseries use करती हैं.

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1️⃣ Rootstock Breeding Technique

Nurseries use special rootstocks

Example

Citrus

• Trifoliate orange rootstock

Benefits

✔ disease resistance
✔ cold tolerance
✔ dwarf tree

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2️⃣ Double Grafting Technique

2 level grafting.

Example

Rootstock → dwarf rootstock
Middle → strong variety
Top → fruit variety

Result

✔ shorter tree
✔ faster fruiting

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3️⃣ Air Layering (Gootee Technique)

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Used for

• Guava

• Litchi

• Lemon

• Pomegranate

Steps

1. Branch bark remove करो

2. Moss + soil wrap करो

3. Plastic cover

4. 30–40 days later roots develop

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4️⃣ Hormone Rooting Technique

Nursery use rooting hormones

Example

• IBA (Indole Butyric Acid)

• NAA hormone

Purpose

✔ faster root growth
✔ higher success rate

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5️⃣ Mist Propagation System

Professional nurseries use

automatic mist chambers

Benefits

• humidity control

• faster rooting

• less plant stress

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🌿 Pro Nursery Trick

Nursery growers do Top Working

Old tree को new variety में convert करना.

Example

Old mango tree → cut branches → graft new variety

Result
Tree produces new fruit variety

🚀 NASA Plant Grafting Experiments

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NASA का उद्देश्य है space missions और Mars colony के लिए food production विकसित करना।

1️⃣ Microgravity Plant Growth Experiment

ISS (International Space Station) पर पौधों पर experiments किए गए।

पौधे:

• Lettuce

• Radish

• Tomato

• Chili pepper

Research focus:

• Roots microgravity में कैसे grow करते हैं

• Nutrient transport कैसे होता है

• Grafting से stress resistance बढ़ती है या नहीं

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2️⃣ Veggie Plant Growth System

NASA ने Veggie system बनाया।

Features

• LED light spectrum

• Hydroponic nutrient system

• Controlled humidity

इसमें पौधे grow किए गए:

• Red lettuce

• Zinnia flowers

• Chili peppers

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3️⃣ Space Crop Grafting Concept

Future Mars farming के लिए research:

Possible grafting

• Tomato + Wild tomato rootstock

• Potato + Tomato

• Dwarf fruit trees

Goal

✔ High yield
✔ Disease resistance
✔ Small space farming

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🌳 Super Rare Grafting Experiments

कुछ grafting experiments बहुत rare होते हैं।

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1️⃣ Pomato Plant (Tomato + Potato)

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Structure

Top → Tomato
Roots → Potato

Result

• Tomatoes grow above

• Potatoes grow underground

Family
Solanaceae

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2️⃣ Fruit Salad Tree

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एक tree पर कई fruits।

Example

1 tree =

• Peach

• Plum

• Apricot

• Almond

• Cherry

Scientist Sam Van Aken ने famous Tree of 40 Fruit बनाया।

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3️⃣ Cactus Grafting

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Common example

Rootstock → Green cactus
Scion → Moon cactus

Purpose

✔ faster growth
✔ decorative plants

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🌿 200+ Grafting Plant Compatibility Chart (Main Groups)

⚠️ Rule
अधिकतर grafting same plant family में सफल होती है।

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🍎 Rosaceae Family

Compatible plants

Apple group

• Apple + Apple

• Apple + Pear

• Apple + Quince

Pear group

• Pear + Quince

• Pear + Pear

Stone fruits

• Peach + Plum

• Peach + Apricot

• Peach + Almond

• Cherry + Plum

• Apricot + Plum

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🍊 Citrus Family (Rutaceae)

बहुत आसानी से graft होते हैं।

• Lemon + Orange

• Lemon + Lime

• Lemon + Grapefruit

• Orange + Mandarin

• Orange + Lemon

• Orange + Lime

• Mandarin + Orange

• Grapefruit + Orange

• Kaffir lime + Lemon

Rootstocks

• Rough lemon

• Trifoliate orange

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🍆 Solanaceae (Vegetables)

• Tomato + Tomato

• Tomato + Eggplant

• Tomato + Potato

• Eggplant + Tomato

• Eggplant + Pepper

• Pepper + Pepper

• Chili + Bell pepper

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🥒 Cucurbitaceae

• Watermelon + Pumpkin

• Watermelon + Bottle gourd

• Cucumber + Pumpkin

• Melon + Squash

• Cucumber + Bottle gourd

Used in commercial vegetable farming.

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🌺 Flower Grafting

Rose family

• Rose + Rose varieties

Hibiscus

• Hibiscus + Hibiscus varieties

Bougainvillea

• Bougainvillea color varieties

Result
1 plant → multiple flower colors

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🌵 Cactus Grafting

• Moon cactus + Hylocereus cactus

• Gymnocalycium + cactus rootstock

• Dragon fruit + cactus rootstock

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🌳 Mango Family

• Mango + Mango varieties

Example

• Alphonso + Kesar

• Langra + Dasheri

• Mallika + Amrapali

Purpose

✔ Multiple mango varieties on one tree

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⚠️ Plants That Usually Cannot Graft

These usually fail

• Mango + Apple

• Banana + any tree

• Coconut + other plants

• Pineapple + other plants

Reason

Different plant families.

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🌱 Pro Gardener Secret

Professional growers create multi-variety orchards.

Example

One citrus tree

• Lemon

• Orange

• Lime

• Mandarin

One stone fruit tree

• Peach

• Plum

• Apricot

• Cherry